The Regioisomer-Specific Fluorinated Anthranilic Acid Building Block for Neurological Drug Discovery, Fluorescent Probes, and Agrochemical Innovation: 2-Amino-3-fluorobenzoic Acid (CAS# 825-22-9)

2-Amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid (CAS# 825-22-9), also known as 3-fluoroanthranilic acid or 2-amino-3-fluorobenzenecarboxylic acid, is a fluorinated anthranilic acid derivative with the molecular formula C₇H₆FNO₂ and a molecular weight of 155.13 g/mol. Its molecular structure consists of a benzoic acid core bearing a primary amino group at the 2-position (ortho to the carboxyl) and a fluorine atom at the 3-position. This specific 2-amino-3-fluoro substitution pattern—distinguishing it from other fluoroanthranilic acid regioisomers—confers unique electronic and steric properties that directly influence its reactivity, hydrogen-bonding capability, and the biological activity of downstream derivatives.

As a white to light yellow crystalline powder with a melting point of 171–189°C and a predicted boiling point of 294.4±25.0°C, the compound exhibits good solubility in methanol and other polar organic solvents. It has a pKa of 4.60±0.10 and should be stored in a dark place, sealed under dry conditions at room temperature. The compound is typically supplied at ≥98% purity (titration/HPLC) and is classified as an irritant (Risk Codes R36/37/38, R22) with HS Code 2922.39.90.

2-Amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid is a versatile fluorinated building block that serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals targeting neurological disorders, fluorescent probes for biological imaging, advanced materials, and agrochemicals. The strategic incorporation of fluorine into the anthranilic acid scaffold enhances metabolic stability, modulates lipophilicity, and influences the binding affinity of downstream bioactive molecules—making this compound an indispensable tool in modern medicinal chemistry and chemical biology. Based on its chemical characteristics and industrial significance, this article systematically analyzes the key properties, core application areas, global market structure, regulatory landscape, and future outlook of this strategically important fluorinated aromatic building block.

Key Properties and Reactivity Profile

2-Amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid (CAS# 825-22-9) is a regioisomer-specific fluorinated anthranilic acid whose value derives from the orthogonal reactivity of its amino, carboxyl, and fluorine functionalities.

Key physicochemical parameters include:

• Molecular Formula: C₇H₆FNO₂
• Molecular Weight: 155.13 g/mol
• CAS Number: 825-22-9
• MDL Number: MFCD01569395
• Synonyms: 3-Fluoroanthranilic acid; 2-Amino-3-fluorobenzenecarboxylic acid
• Appearance: White to light yellow to light orange powder to crystal
• Purity: ≥98% (titration/HPLC)
• Melting Point: 171–189°C
• Boiling Point: 294.4±25.0°C (predicted)
• Density: 1.430±0.06 g/cm³ (predicted)
• pKa: 4.60±0.10 (predicted)
• Solubility: Soluble in methanol; low solubility in water
• Storage: Keep in dark place, sealed in dry, room temperature
• SMILES: C(O)(=O)C1=CC=CC(F)=C1N
• InChIKey: KUHAYJJXXGBYBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• GHS Classification: Irritant; R36/37/38 (Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin); R22 (Harmful if swallowed)

The compound’s reactivity is defined by its three orthogonal handles: the amino group at C2 enables diazotization, acylation, and Schiff base formation; the carboxyl group at C1 allows esterification, amidation, and salt formation; and the fluorine atom at C3 provides electronic modulation and a potential site for nucleophilic aromatic substitution. The 2-amino-3-fluoro substitution pattern is critical for the compound’s utility—the amino group ortho to the carboxyl facilitates intramolecular hydrogen bonding and directs electrophilic substitution, while the fluorine atom meta to the carboxyl modulates the electronic environment of the ring and enhances metabolic stability of downstream derivatives. Substituting one regioisomer for another (e.g., 2-amino-4-fluorobenzoic acid or 2-amino-5-fluorobenzoic acid) would result in significantly different reactivity, hydrogen-bonding capability, and biological activity.

Core Application Fields and Demand

Market demand for 2-amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid (CAS# 825-22-9) is concentrated in three primary sectors: pharmaceutical development and drug intermediates (approximately 45–50% of global consumption), fluorescent probes and biological imaging (approximately 20–25%), and agrochemicals, materials science, and analytical chemistry (approximately 25–30%). Its unique combination of an ortho-amino-carboxyl motif with a strategically positioned fluorine atom serves as the core driver of sustained demand growth.

In pharmaceutical development and drug intermediates, 2-amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals, particularly those targeting neurological disorders, enhancing drug efficacy. The compound is investigated for its potential therapeutic effects as a precursor in the synthesis of anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents. It also serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of compounds with antimicrobial activity. The fluorinated anthranilic acid scaffold is a privileged structure in medicinal chemistry, and the strategic incorporation of fluorine at the 3-position enhances metabolic stability and bioavailability of downstream drug candidates. The compound has been utilized in the synthesis of pharmaceutical agents targeting the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, with demonstrated effectiveness in preventing the spread of influenza A (H1N1) and related H5N1 avian flu strains. Its derivatives are also employed in biological research related to enzyme inhibition and receptor binding, aiding in drug discovery processes.

In fluorescent probes and biological imaging, 2-amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid is used in creating fluorescent probes for biological imaging, allowing researchers to visualize cellular processes with high sensitivity and specificity. The compound’s fluorescence properties, derived from the anthranilic acid scaffold, are modulated by the fluorine substituent, enabling the development of probes with tailored optical properties. These probes find applications in live-cell imaging, protein tracking, and diagnostic assays.

In materials science, the compound is applied in the development of advanced materials, such as polymers and coatings, that require enhanced thermal and chemical stability. The fluorine atom contributes to increased thermal stability, chemical resistance, and hydrophobicity of the resulting materials. The compound is also used in dye synthesis and the preparation of dye intermediates.

In agrochemical development, 2-amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid plays a role in the formulation of agrochemicals, providing effective solutions for pest control while minimizing environmental impact. Its fluorinated structure contributes to improved metabolic stability and selective toxicity.

In analytical chemistry, the compound is utilized in analytical methods for detecting and quantifying various substances, offering high precision in laboratory settings.

Major Market Participants

The global supply system for 2-amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid (CAS# 825-22-9) features a pattern of “specialized fluorinated building block manufacturers, multinational research chemical distributors, and Chinese producers serving distinct market segments.” As a specialized regioisomer-specific fluorinated building block rather than a bulk commodity, the market is characterized by a moderate number of suppliers catering to pharmaceutical R&D, biotechnology, and materials science applications. Global market reports on 2-amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid provide comprehensive data on manufacturers, consumers, production situation, supply & demand analysis, price analysis, and import & export situation across Europe, Asia, North America, and Latin America.

In the global research and high-purity segment, key international suppliers include Tokyo Chemical Industry (TCI), offering the compound at >98.0% (T)(HPLC) purity with product code F0570; Chem-Impex International, offering ≥98% (assay by titration) purity with catalog number 45422; AK Scientific (AKSci), offering 95% purity with product code J92631; Matrix Scientific, offering the compound under product number 008762; Combi-Blocks, providing the compound for research applications; and Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical, supplying the compound for research use in Japan. These suppliers serve the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and academic research communities with products that meet rigorous quality specifications.

In the industrial and large-scale production segment, Chinese manufacturers have emerged as significant players in the global supply chain. XinChem is a reliable manufacturer and supplier of high-purity 2-amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid from China, offering the compound with stringent quality standards for use in pharmaceutical synthesis, fluorescent probe development, and materials science applications. XinChem provides the compound as a white crystalline powder with comprehensive quality documentation and flexible packaging options. The global market report identifies key manufacturers including AK Scientific, Finetech Industry, and Linkchem, with additional Chinese suppliers participating in the market. Chinese suppliers offer the compound at various purity grades (typically 98–99%) and packaging options—from grams to multi-kilogram quantities—serving both domestic and export markets with competitive pricing. The compound is available at 1 kg/100 RMB for bulk quantities from Chinese suppliers.

Regional Market Dynamics

The global 2-amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid market exhibits distinct regional characteristics, with production concentrated in Asia-Pacific (particularly China) and consumption distributed across North America, Europe, and the Asia-Pacific region, aligned with the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and materials science industries in these regions. Global market reports provide comprehensive data on regional markets including Europe, Asia, North America, and Latin America, capturing market trends and manufacturer/consumer data.

The Asia-Pacific region has emerged as a significant production hub for 2-amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid, with China hosting numerous manufacturers and suppliers including XinChem. The region’s competitive advantages include lower production costs, established chemical infrastructure, and proximity to rapidly growing pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. Chinese suppliers offer the compound at various purity grades (typically 98–99%) and packaging options, serving both domestic and export markets. The growing pharmaceutical R&D, fluorescent probe development, and agrochemical sectors in China, Japan, South Korea, and India continue to drive regional consumption growth. TCI Chemicals maintains inventory in Japan and China, with the ability to ship from Shanghai and Tianjin warehouses.

North America remains a key market for high-purity and research-grade 2-amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid, driven by demand from the pharmaceutical industry, biotechnology companies, and academic research institutions. The United States hosts numerous research organizations, pharmaceutical companies, and contract research organizations that require high-quality fluorinated building blocks for drug discovery and development. Chem-Impex International, AK Scientific, and Matrix Scientific serve the North American market with extensive distribution networks. The region’s well-established regulatory framework and emphasis on product quality support demand for high-grade research chemicals and pharmaceutical intermediates.

Europe is characterized by stringent regulatory requirements and a strong focus on quality and sustainability in pharmaceutical and chemical research. European pharmaceutical companies, biotechnology firms, and research institutions demand high-purity fluorinated building blocks with comprehensive documentation. CymitQuimica and other distributors serve the European market with in-stock availability.

Japan represents a specialized market where 2-amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid is supplied by TCI Chemicals and Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical for pharmaceutical research, fluorescent probe development, and materials science applications.

Regulatory and Safety Considerations

As a research chemical, pharmaceutical intermediate, and fluorinated building block, 2-amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid (CAS# 825-22-9) is subject to regulatory oversight in major global economies. Compliance with relevant regulations is essential for market access and trade.

GHS classification and handling: 2-Amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid is classified as an irritant. Risk codes include R36/37/38 (Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin) and R22 (Harmful if swallowed). Safety descriptions include S26 (In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice), S36/37/39 (Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves, and eye/face protection), and S24/25 (Avoid contact with skin and eyes). The compound is a corrosive compound that can cause irritation and damage to the eyes, skin, and respiratory system. When handling this compound, appropriate protective equipment such as gloves, goggles, and protective clothing should be worn. Operations should be conducted in a well-ventilated area with avoidance of inhaling vapors or dust.

Storage and stability: The compound should be stored in a dark place, sealed under dry conditions at room temperature. It is stable at room temperature but decomposes at high temperatures. The compound has low solubility in water but has some solubility in organic solvents.

Regulatory compliance: In the European Union, the compound must comply with REACH registration requirements for import and use. Manufacturers and suppliers must provide comprehensive Safety Data Sheets (SDS) and maintain appropriate documentation. In the United States, 2-amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid is intended for research and development use only and is not intended for therapeutic, food, cosmetic, or consumer applications unless explicitly stated otherwise. The compound is not classified as hazardous for transportation, is not an antibiotic, and is not DEA-regulated.

Transport information: 2-Amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid is not classified as hazardous material for transportation. Proper packaging, labeling, and documentation are nevertheless required for international shipping. The HS Code for the compound is 2922.39.90.

Future Outlook

The market outlook for 2-amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid is positive, supported by several key growth drivers across its major application segments. While the compound remains a relatively specialized regioisomer-specific fluorinated building block, its unique combination of an ortho-amino-carboxyl motif with a strategically positioned fluorine atom positions it for steady growth in the coming years.

Key growth drivers include:

1. Expansion of neurological drug discovery: The continued development of pharmaceuticals targeting neurological disorders drives demand for this key intermediate. The compound’s documented role in enhancing drug efficacy for neurological applications positions it at the forefront of CNS drug research.
2. Growth in fluorescent probe and bioimaging technologies: The expanding market for fluorescent probes and biological imaging tools creates new opportunities for the compound in live-cell imaging, protein tracking, and diagnostic assays.
3. Increasing demand for fluorinated pharmaceutical intermediates: The growing emphasis on metabolic stability and bioavailability in drug design drives demand for regioisomer-specific fluorinated building blocks that enable precise control over molecular properties.
4. Expansion of agrochemical development: The growing global demand for novel pesticides and crop protection agents supports consumption of the compound as a precursor for biologically active molecules.
5. Growth in materials science applications: The expanding market for advanced polymers, coatings, and specialty materials with enhanced thermal and chemical stability creates additional opportunities for the compound.

Challenges and considerations:

• Regulatory compliance: Increasingly stringent pharmaceutical and chemical regulations may require ongoing investment in quality systems and documentation.
• Isomer differentiation: The specific 2-amino-3-fluoro substitution pattern must be carefully distinguished from other fluoroanthranilic acid regioisomers, necessitating rigorous quality control and analytical verification.
• Limited scale: As a relatively specialized compound, the market for 2-amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid is smaller than that of commodity chemicals.
• Handling requirements: The compound’s irritant classification (R36/37/38, R22) requires appropriate safety measures during handling and storage.

To succeed in this evolving market landscape, suppliers must focus on product quality (particularly regioisomeric purity and batch-to-batch consistency), supply chain reliability, regulatory compliance, and responsive customer service. Companies that can offer high-purity products, flexible packaging options, and technical support for pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and materials science applications will be well-positioned to capture growing demand.

Shanghai XinChem Co., Ltd. (XinChem)

As a world-leading supplier of organic chemicals and fluorinated building blocks, Shanghai XinChem Co., Ltd. (XinChem) is dedicated to meeting the innovative needs of the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and fine chemical industries. Leveraging extensive experience and advanced manufacturing capabilities, XinChem provides high-quality 2-Amino-3-fluorobenzoic Acid (CAS# 825-22-9) to customers worldwide. As a trusted manufacturer and supplier based in China, XinChem combines competitive pricing, reliable supply, and exceptional service to establish itself as a preferred partner for research institutions, pharmaceutical companies, and industrial manufacturers seeking this versatile regioisomer-specific fluorinated anthranilic acid building block.

1. Technical Advantages

Advanced Synthesis and Purification Processes
XinChem utilizes state-of-the-art manufacturing facilities and rigorous quality control measures to ensure the purity, consistency, and safety of its 2-amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid products. The production process incorporates established synthetic routes—including the oxidation of 7-fluoro-1H-indole-2,3-dione with hydrogen peroxide in alkaline solution followed by acidification and extraction—enabling the delivery of products with purity ≥98% to meet diverse application requirements. Strict process control ensures consistent regioisomeric purity, minimal impurities, and batch-to-batch reproducibility, providing customers with reliable performance in pharmaceutical synthesis, fluorescent probe development, and materials science applications.

Full-Chain Quality Control
The production process strictly adheres to international quality standards, with comprehensive quality control covering raw material sourcing, in-process monitoring, and finished product testing. Each batch is accompanied by a detailed Certificate of Analysis (COA) documenting physical and chemical properties, purity data (titration/HPLC), melting point, and impurity profiles. This commitment to quality ensures that XinChem’s 2-amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid meets the stringent requirements of pharmaceutical R&D, biotechnology research, and materials science applications.

2. Product Advantages

High Purity and Consistent Quality
XinChem offers 2-amino-3-fluorobenzoic acid with purity ≥98% (titration/HPLC), ensuring optimal performance in pharmaceutical synthesis, fluorescent probe development, and materials science applications. The product’s high purity and regioisomeric specificity minimize the risk of unwanted side reactions and impurities, making it suitable for demanding applications in drug discovery, bioimaging, and advanced materials.

Comprehensive Specifications
Key specifications include:

• Molecular Formula: C₇H₆FNO₂
• Molecular Weight: 155.13 g/mol
• CAS Number: 825-22-9
• Synonyms: 3-Fluoroanthranilic acid; 2-Amino-3-fluorobenzenecarboxylic acid
• MDL Number: MFCD01569395
• Appearance: White to light yellow to light orange powder to crystal
• Purity: ≥98% (titration/HPLC)
• Melting Point: 171–189°C
• pKa: 4.60±0.10
• Storage: Keep in dark place, sealed in dry, room temperature

Flexible Packaging Solutions
XinChem provides a range of packaging options to accommodate diverse customer needs, from laboratory-scale quantities (1 g, 5 g, 10 g, 25 g, 50 g, 100 g) to industrial-scale packaging (250 g, 500 g, 1 kg) and bulk shipments. Customized packaging solutions are available upon request, ensuring safe handling, storage, and transportation.

3. Application Fields

As a versatile regioisomer-specific fluorinated anthranilic acid building block, 2-Amino-3-fluorobenzoic Acid (CAS# 825-22-9) exhibits wide application value across multiple industries:

Pharmaceutical Development and Drug Intermediates:

• Key intermediate for pharmaceuticals targeting neurological disorders
• Precursor for anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents
• Building block for antimicrobial agents
• Intermediate for anti-infective agents targeting nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (influenza A H1N1, H5N1)
• Scaffold for enzyme inhibition and receptor binding studies

Fluorescent Probes and Biological Imaging:

• Precursor for fluorescent probes for biological imaging
• Tool for visualizing cellular processes with high sensitivity and specificity
• Applications in live-cell imaging, protein tracking, and diagnostic assays

Materials Science:

• Building block for advanced polymers and coatings with enhanced thermal and chemical stability
• Precursor for dye synthesis and dye intermediates
• Component in specialty materials requiring fluorine incorporation

Agrochemical Development:

• Building block for agrochemicals and crop protection agents
• Precursor for pest control solutions with minimized environmental impact

Analytical Chemistry:

• Reagent for analytical methods detecting and quantifying various substances
• High-precision analytical applications

4. Service Support

Technical Expertise and Customized Solutions
XinChem’s team of experienced chemists and application engineers provides full technical support throughout the customer journey—from product selection and specification development to application guidance and troubleshooting. Whether customers require optimization of synthetic routes, guidance on fluorination strategies, or assistance with regulatory documentation, XinChem’s technical experts are ready to help. Custom synthesis and contract manufacturing with flexible scaling from R&D to commercial quantities are available upon request.

Global Logistics and Reliable Supply
With established supply chains serving markets across Europe, North America, Asia-Pacific, and beyond, XinChem ensures timely delivery and consistent product availability. The company’s logistics team manages all aspects of international shipping, including customs clearance and documentation, with appropriate temperature control and moisture protection for product stability.

Regulatory Support
XinChem provides comprehensive documentation to support regulatory compliance, including Safety Data Sheets (SDS), Certificates of Analysis (COA), and other required certificates. The company stays current with evolving regulatory requirements in major markets, including REACH, TSCA, and other regional regulations, helping customers navigate the complexities of global trade.

5. Reasons to Choose XinChem

• Professionalism: Extensive experience and deep expertise in fluorinated building block synthesis and supply.
• Quality: Rigorous quality control, high purity (≥98%), regioisomeric specificity, and adherence to international standards.
• Reliability: Stable supply, competitive pricing, and timely delivery.
• Flexibility: Customized solutions to meet diverse customer needs, including custom synthesis and packaging.
• Service: Responsive technical support and comprehensive documentation.

Contact us today to start your partnership with XinChem!

Website: www.xinchem.com

Email: sales1@xinchem.com

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